Book burners, from Hitler to Putin
Writing in the Wall Street Journal today, Emily Hamilton has a new word for Russia's attempt, now in its fifth year, to destroy Ukraine and Ukrainian culture: Bibliocide, the planned, systematic destruction of books. "It is," Ms Hamilton writes, "a common tactic of totalitarians and terrorists."
Like so many of Vladimir Putin's crimes in Ukraine, his inspiration was Adolf Hitler. In Germany, the effort began in April 1933, with the first books condemned to the flames being those of a Jewish scholar at the Institute of Sex Research in Berlin. From there it expanded to 4,000 titles and tens of thousands of copies of works by Marx and Engels, H G Wells, Felix Mendelssohn, Stefan Zweig, Albert Einstein, Thomas Mann, Erich Maria Remarque, Ernest Hemingway, Jack London, Helen Keller, and of course Lenin and Trotsky.
Bibliocide was similarly practiced by the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, Bosnian Serbs in Sarajevo, and ISIS in Iraq.
In Ukraine, Putin has damaged or destroyed 906 libraries since the full-scale invasion of February 2022. In the town of Kapytolivka, when the librarian returned after it was liberated, she counted 4500 books remaining from her collection of 16,500. A particular target of the Russians were books on Ukrainian history and culture, which she found piled in the toilets, smeared with human excrement.











